Publications

Migrant Vulnerabilities and Integration Needs in Central Asia – Assessing migrants’ and community needs and managing risks – Astana, 2017

The regional eld assessment “Migrant Vulnerabilities and Integration Needs in Central Asia: Assessing migrants’ and community needs and managing risks” (2017) is the fruit of a collaborative e ort of Government officials, a team of international and national experts with the support of the IOM missions in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Geneva and IOM Regional Office for Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe and Central Asia under the auspices of the Library of the First President of the Republic of Kazakh- stan (Nazarbayev Center). IOM Kazakhstan, Sub-regional coordination office for Central Asia, had the overall management and coordination of the project. The assessment was made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the sole responsibility of IOM and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of IOM or its Member States. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the work do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IOM concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning its frontiers or boundaries. IOM is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration bene ts migrants and society. As an intergovernmental organization, IOM acts with its partners in the international community to: assist in meeting the operational challenges of migration, advance understanding of migration issues; encourage social and economic development through migration; and uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Lead Author: Piotr Kazmierkiewicz, IOM International Expert 
Publisher: Sub-Regional Coordination Office for Central Asia,
International Organization for Migration (IOM), Kazakhstan. 
Email:This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
 

 Regional Field assessment 2017 (Phase II) “Migrant Vulnerabilities and Integration Needs in Central Asia: Assessing migrants’ and community needs and managing risks” follows up on a study published in 2016 – “Migrant Vulnerabilities and Integration Needs in Central Asia: Root Causes, Social and Economic Impact of Return Migration” (Phase I), both conducted by a team of national and international experts with support of IOM CA and Library of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Nazarbayev Center) within the USAID Project Dignity and Rights.

As migration processes in Central Asia have been mostly based on economic factors, starting from 2014 the region is experiencing the increase in return migration mostly caused by the economic downturn in Russian Federation and introduction of severe administrative sanctions against migrant-workers. The results of Phase I assessment have studied and identi ed key vulnerabilities of migrants, as well as challenges and opportunities faced by states in a result of return migration of their citizens. The report offered a set of recommendations for the national authorities and other stakeholders on addressing these vulnerabilities.

The Phase II report investigates further needs of vulnerable migrants, to assess their chances on successful reintegration upon return or in alternative destinations and considers the role of socio-economic vulnerabilities as possible grounds for the process of radicalization. It also analyzes the sociopolitical aspects of return migration, concentrating on the challenges faced by local authorities in integrating returnees.

This assessment was prepared by joint e orts of government authorities, experts and IOM missions in Central Asian countries (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan).

I hope that this report will be found useful by all stakeholders directly involved into the process of working with migrants, such as NGOs and government agencies. It is intended to contribute into further development of legislative framework and interstate cooperation in the field of migration management.

Dejan Keserovic,
Sub-regional Coordinator for Central Asia 
and Chief of Missionin Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan, 
Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan

 

 

 

International Dialogue on Migration 2017

Understanding migrant vulnerabilities: A solution-based approach towards a global compact that reduces vulnerabilities and empowers migrants

18–19 July 2017

Conference room XVII, Palais des Nations, Geneva

Summary of Conclusions 

The International Dialogue on Migration (IDM) is the principal migration policy dialogue forum of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and is comprised of Member States and partner inter-governmental and non-governmental stakeholders. In consultation with Member States, IOM’s Director General decided to dedicate the two IDMs in 2017 to supporting Member State development of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) by providing an inclusive policy dialogue forum focused on key issues for consideration for the GCM.  IOM held its second IDM workshop of 2017 on the 18th and 19th of July 2017 at the Palais des Nations in Geneva. It was the second workshop organized within the framework of the IDM 2017 and built on discussions held from 18-19 April 2017 in New York which focused on issues around global governance of migration. This workshop was dedicated to discussing the theme “Understanding migrant vulnerabilities: A solution-based approach towards a global compact that reduces vulnerabilities and empowers migrants.” The event gathered approximately 400 participants, representing governments, United Nations and other international and regional organizations, academia, the private sector, diaspora and migrant organizations, as well as civil society.  Over the course of two days, the workshop stimulated rich discussion on both the substance and the process leading to the development and planned consideration for the adoption of the Global Compact on Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) in 2018. The workshop provided an opportunity to consider migrants’ vulnerabilities and capacities, to guide appropriate policy, to discuss programmatic and operational responses to address vulnerabilities and to enhance migrant resilience through protection and assistance services. Participants highlighted that the Global Compact for Migration presents a historic opportunity to address issues linked to situations of vulnerability for migrants, addressing their causes, reviewing the protection systems available to migrants and identifying implementation gaps in those systems, fostering consensus on appropriate policy responses before, during and after migration, and developing frameworks for inter-agency cooperation and collaboration on policies to prevent, address and sustainably resolve situations of vulnerability. Throughout the workshop, many echoed that this is a unique opportunity to make concrete commitments to vulnerable populations to ensure that nobody is left behind.

 

Number of pages: 180

Format: PDF

Publication language: English

Year of publication: 2017

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Risk Analysis on Return Migration and Challenges in Central Asia – 2017 

The aim of this analysis is to validate the research findings of the 2017 IOM CA/Library of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Nazarbayev Center)/ USAID Dignity and Rights Regional Field Assessment

Phase II focused on the impact of return migration on Central Asian societies and economies as well as assessing migrants’ re-integration needs through a risk analysis prism. The analysis also takes stock of migrant vulnerabilities analyzed under the BPRM direct assistance project (2016-2017), offering a realistic approach of the dynamics of the particular vulnerable group (re-entry banned migrants). The analysis presents both the regional perspective of Central Asia and the country-level outlook for Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan. Where possible, migration movements from Uzbekistan in the region have been also taken into account. In particular, an attempt is made to validate the ‘theory of change’ developed in Phase I USAID DAR Regional Field Assessment (2016) through measurement of potential risks to the theory application.

Number of pages: 64

Format: PDF

Publication language: English

Year of publication: 2017

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Migrant Vulnerabilities and Integration Needs in Central Asia 

Assessing Migrants’ and Community Needs and Managing Risks - 2017

The IOM CA/Library of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Nazarbayev Center)/USAID Dignity and

Rights in-depth regional field assessment, “Migrant Vulnerabilities and Integration Needs in Central Asia: Assessing migrants’ and community needs and managing risks”, published in 2017 seeks to establish the precise needs of vulnerable migrants and capacities of state institutions and non-state entities to address these vulnerabilities and leveraging the potential for the vulnerable migrants’ successful re-integration into the local labour market. In addition, risk factors limiting chances for migrants’ re-integration and implications for their welfare were identified and weighted. The risk analysis considers the impact of state policies, measures aiming to reduce shock of re-entry bans, employment and integration services in the regions of migrants’ origin as well as the involvement of home and diaspora communities.

Number of pages: 40

Format: PDF

Publication language: English

Year of publication: 2017

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Migrants’ Right to Health in Central Asia: Challenges and Opportunities 

The Mission of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in Kazakhstan has the pleasure to announce the release of the new publication Migrants’ Right to Health in Central Asia: Challenges and Opportunities, which aims to contribute to strengthen migrants’ right to health by increasing the availability and accessibility of health services for migrants in Central Asia through the development of comprehensive and evidence-based migration health policies and legislation in line with international norms and standards.

Number of pages: 164

Format: PDF

Publication language: English

Year of publication: 2017

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GUIDELINES: TO PROTECT MIGRANTS IN COUNTRIES EXPERIENCING CONFLICT OR NATURAL DISASTER

When conflicts or natural disasters erupt, they can disproportionately affect migrants
living, working, studying, traveling, or transiting in the country experiencing the crisis. The
earthquake and tsunami in Tohoku, Japan (2011), the floods in Thailand (2011), hurricane
Sandy in the United States (2012), and the outbreak of conflicts in the Central African Republic
and in Yemen in recent years are but a few examples of crises in which migrants were among
those seriously affected. While they are resilient and resourceful, a variety of factors create
particular vulnerability for migrants in the face of such crises. Language barriers, restrictions
on mobility, irregular immigration status, confiscated or lost identity or travel documents,
limited social networks, isolation, and attacks and discrimination are some of the factors
that hinder the ability of migrants to access protection, move out of harm’s way, or otherwise
ensure their own safety and wellbeing. The Migrants in Countries in Crisis (MICIC) Initiative
was conceived to address these challenges.
For more information and to download an electronic version of the Guidelines, please visit:
http://micicinitiative.iom.int

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Migrant Vulnerabilities and Integration Needs in Central Asia: Root Causes, Social and Economic Impact of Return Migration

Regional Field Assessment in Central Asia 2016

Full Report

The IOM CA regional field assessment analyzes the impact of the Russian Federation policy in introducing re-entry bans to migrant workers from Central Asia, reflects on the socioeconomic impact of the precarious position of Kyrgyz, Tajik and Uzbek migrant workers and outlines some of the coping mechanisms. The assessment relies on a combination of interviews with government and non-government stakeholders, international and national experts and migrants, and it points to some specific vulnerabilities that affect certain categories of migrants, taking into account the deterioration of their legal, economic and social status. Finally, it relates these vulnerabilities to the potential for social and ideological radicalization, outlining a number of scenarios that could come into being should the vulnerability factors remain unaddressed.

Central Asia is a dynamic region where people move primarily for economic purposes. It is estimated that more than six million CA citizens are on the move, at any given moment, looking for better work and life opportunities. The majority of Central Asian citizens move towards the Russian Federation, with Kazakhstan being the second choice of destination. The current regional field assessment analyzes the impact of the Russian Federation policy in introducing re-entry bans to migrant workers from Central Asia, reflects on the socioeconomic impact of the precarious position of Kyrgyz, Tajik and Uzbek migrant workers and outlines some of the coping mechanisms.

The assessment relies on a combination of interviews with government and non-government stakeholders, international and national experts and migrants, and it points to some specific vulnerabilities that affect certain categories of migrants, taking into account the deterioration of their legal, economic and social status. Finally, it relates these vulnerabilities to the potential for social and ideological radicalization, outlining a number of scenarios that could come into being should the vulnerability factors remain unaddressed.

The regional field assessment fills an important gap in addressing the socio-economic roots of radicalization from a rights-based perspective. It acknowledges the various initiatives of the Central Asian countries at preventing and countering violent extremism (PVE and CVE) in the region while noting the need to complement the predominant security approach with a broader approach that tackles the long-term grounds for radicalization. It also identifies women as a particularly important group among migrants and in their communities for defusing radicalization potential, which so far received relatively little attention in this context. Finally, it demonstrates that migrant diasporas and informal support networks play a decisive role in preventing the onset of radicalization.

IOM follows an analytical and holistic approach in tackling the issues at hand, working closely with the Governments in the region, community and spiritual leaders, as well as migrants themselves in order to capture and address in a preventive manner root causes, social and economic impact of return migration. IOM looks forward to build upon the current report’s findings and recommendations in  promoting safe migration under international migration law as well as work hand in hand with government and non-government stakeholders and the international community in ensuring a better and safer world for migrants and societies.

The IOM CA regional field assessment is the outcome of a collaborative effort of Government officials from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, national and international experts and IOM missions in Central Asia, Vienna and Geneva.

The IOM CA regional field assessment was made possible by the support of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).

We owe special thanks to the Library of the First President of Kazakhstan (Nazarbayev Center) for contributing to the assessment and endorsing the regional field assessment under the auspices of the Library. The Policy Analysis Center is targeted to provide high-quality strategic insights and alternative solutions for certain policy-making impact. Its subdivisions conduct complex analysis of Kazakhstan’s domestic and foreign policies, strategic research in the field of country and geopolitical studies (with focus on the USA, Russia, China, EU, Caspian and Central Asian states), risk assessment and forecasting in national security with outcome of concrete policy recommendations.

Number of pages: 260

Format: PDF

Publication language: English

Year of publication: 2016

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Migrant Vulnerabilities and Integration Needs in Central Asia

Root Causes, Social and Economic Impact of Return Migration
Regional Field Assessment in Central Asia 2016
Executive Summary 

This executive summary of the Regional Field Assessment in Central Asia 2016 «Migrant Vulnerabilities and Integration Needs in Central Asia: Root Causes, Social and Economic Impact of Return Migration» provides an overview of the dynamics of human mobility and in particular of labour migration within and out of Central Asia, demonstrating multiple consequences of the current economic downturn and application of re-entry bans in Russia. It reflects on the socioeconomic impact of the precarious position of Kyrgyz, Tajik and Uzbek migrant workers on the Russian labour market and outlines some of the coping mechanisms: return, irregular stay and search for alternative destinations, in particular Kazakhstan. The regional field assessment relies on a combination of interviews with government and non-government stakeholders, experts and migrants, it points to some specific vulnerabilities, affecting certain categories of migrants, taking into account the deterioration of their legal, economic and social status. Finally, it relates these vulnerabilities to the potential for social and ideological radicalization, outlining a number of scenarios that could come into being should the vulnerability factors remain unaddressed.

The assessment was made possible by the support of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in the framework of “Dignity and Rights” project.

The report was presented to Almaty Process member, observer and guest states, UN and other international organizations during the 3rd Almaty Process Senior Officials Meeting (SOM), Addressing Mixed Migration Flows in Central Asia: Human Mobility, Rights of Vulnerable Migrants and Refugees and Regional Cooperation, held on September 19, 2016 in Astana, Kazakhstan.

Number of pages: 36

Format: PDF

Publication language: English

Year of publication: 2016

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Labour Exploitation, Trafficking and Migrant Health

 

Summary of IOM Statistics 2011-2015 

Number of pages: 19

Format: PDF

Publication language: English

Year of publication: 2015

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Labour Exploitation, Trafficking and Migrant Health

Multi-country Findings on the Health Risks and Consequences of Migrant and Trafficked Workers

Number of pages: 184

Format: PDF

Publication language: English

Year of publication: 2015

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2015 IOM Showcase Projects: Fostering Labour Mobility and Human Development in South-Eastern Europe, Easter Europe and Central Asia

Number of pages: 66

Format: PDF

Publication language: English

Year of publication: 2015

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THE PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPMENT KAZAKHSTAN, 2016-2020

The Partnership Framework for Development (PFD) sets the strategic vision and direction for the United Nations Country Team (UNCT) in Kazakhstan during the period 2016-2020, and is the result of a consultative process with the Government and other partners. It analyzes how the United Nations system can continue to most effectively coordinate its activities in response to national priorities, while serving as an easily accessible overview of United Nations goals and activities in Kazakhstan.

IOM’s role, as invited member of the UNCT in Kazakhstan, in the three pillars of intervention, is defined as follows:

Pillar 1: Reducing disparities and Improving Human development

Support equal access to preventative and rehabilitation services for migrants in need, members of their families, and victims of trafficking. Modify legal and normative frameworks to provide social integration and equal rights to health, education, work and social benefits for migrants and victims of trafficking. Provide analytical information, good practices and recommendations to improve the quality of social and legal services for migrants in need, victims of trafficking and other vulnerable groups.

Pillar 2: Strengthened and Innovative Public Institutions

Support national dialogue between Government and non-Government partners to address the challenges of irregular migration, and combat human trafficking through prevention, protection and prosecution. Assist in establishing national referral mechanisms and the work of stakeholders in assisting victims of trafficking. Foster the mainstreaming of migration into the development agenda of Government policies and programmatic funding.

Pillar 3: Enhanced International and Regional Cooperation

Promote regional dialogue, co-operation and coordination in addressing mixed migration challenges in Central Asia, through regional consultative processes – such as the Almaty Process. Promote Kazakhstan’s leading position in addressing migrant rights, addressing challenges of irregular migration, labour migration and human development, and combating human trafficking, through preparing special reports and developing recommendations and programmes.

For more information please contact: Mrs Tatiana Hadjiemmanuel, Deputy Coordinator for Central Asia/Senior Programme Coordinator, IOM Kazakhstan/Sub-regional coordination office for Central Asia,This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Number of pages: 179

Format: PDF

Publication language: Kazakh, English, Russian

Year of publication: 2015 

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Special Report on Current Issues Affecting Human Rights Protection in the Area of Combating Trafficking in Persons in the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh-Russian-English)

IOM Kazakhstan is pleased to bring to your attention the Special Report on Current Issues Affecting Human Rights Protection in the Area of Combating Trafficking in Persons in the Republic of Kazakhstan of the Commission on Human Rights under the President of Kazakhstan.

The Special Report was approved by a resolution № 32-47.327 of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan on December 29, 2014. The Special Report gives a comparative analysis of anti-trafficking national legislation and its implementation and provides conclusions and recommendations to prevent trafficking, protect and assist victims of trafficking, strengthen prosecution and improve interaction between state bodies and civil society in the field of combating human trafficking.

The report was prepared and published within the "Special Report on Combating Trafficking in Persons" financially supported by the IOM Development Fund (IDF).

Number of pages: 144

Format: PDF

Publication language: Kazakh, Russian, English

Year of publication: 2015

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Summary of the Report – Mapping on Irregular Migration in Central Asia

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PUBLICATION: "Mapping on Irregular Migration in Central Asia" 2014

Number of pages: 142

Format: PDF

Publication language: English (see RUS version in Russian section of the website)

Year of publication: 2014

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HANDBOOK ON MIGRATION TERMINOLOGY (Russian-English)

Number of pages: 166

Format: PDF

Publication language: Russian, English

Year of publication: 2011

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Glossary on Migration

Number of pages: 118

Format: PDF

Publication language: English

Year of publication: 2011

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United Nations Country Team in Kazakhstan

Number of pages: 5

Format: PDF

Publication language: Kazakh, English, Russian

Year of publication: 2014

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Handbook on human trafficking definition, identification of victims of human trafficking, protection of victims and prosecution of traffickers

IOM Kazakhstan is pleased to bring to your attention the handbook on definition of human trafficking, identification of victims of human trafficking, protection of victims and prosecution of traffickers. The purpose of the handbook is to provide the most important information on identification of trafficking cases, protection and assistance to victims of trafficking and investigation of the crimes related to human trafficking.

The brochure was created to support those who work directly with victims of trafficking and provide services to victims of trafficking. Recommendations are made on how to work with victims of trafficking and how to discuss human trafficking issues, based on the principles of respect and protection of human rights, and also the observance of the relevant legislation.

The brochure is published within the "Central Asia Counter-Trafficking Project" financially supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).

Number of pages: 19

Format: PDF

Publication language: Russian, English

Year of publication: 2014

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Compendium of the international and national documents on combating trafficking in persons

IOM Kazakhstan is pleased to bring to your attention the compendium of the international and national documents on combating trafficking in persons. The compendium is devoted to the fight against human trafficking and contains the international documents on fight against human trafficking, and it also includes excerpts from the national legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan (as of October, 2010).

The compendium was created to address the needs of law enforcement officers, prosecutor's office, the judicial case, and also representatives of non-governmental and international organizations.

The document is published within the project “Capacity building of Judges and Prosecutors on Combating Trafficking in Persons in the Republic of Kazakhstan" financially supported by the United States Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) of the US Embassy in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Number of pages: 174

Format: PDF

Publication language: Russian, Kazakh

Year of publication: 2010

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Special Report “On situation with migrants’ rights in the Republic of Kazakhstan”

Description: This publication has been prepared by the Human Rights Commission under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan with support of IOM in Kazakhstan.
 
The Special Report was developed based on the methodology for assessing migrant rights situation by analyzing existing migration policy and legislation, gathering comparable data on the wide range of migration. The report adopted a combination of different research methods for its impact analysis, including a cross country analysis, cases studies. More qualitative methods focused on the access of migrants to services and other basic human rights.

The report contains a comparative assessment of the situation of migrant workers’ rights beginning from the time when Kazakhstan won independence up until the present time. It determines current problems in the area of migration relations, identifies key problems in protection of rights of migrant workers and ways for solving them.
  
The report published within the project “Fostering of the national policies on protection of migrants´ rights and the capacity of the national counterparts in migration policy implementation in Kazakhstan” supported by the IOM Development Fund. Overall objective of the project is to contribute to the development of rights-based migration management mechanisms in the Republic of Kazakhstan, with the overall aim of strengthening the migrants´ rights protection and the monitoring of migrants’ rights in the country.  IOM in cooperation with  the Human Rights Commission under the President RK have been cooperating together  to develop a Special Report on Migrants’ Rights assessing migrants´ rights in Kazakhstan vis-à-vis international commitments of the state.

Number of pages: 150
Format: Electronic copy
Language of Publication: English; Kazakh
Year of Publication: 2013

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IOM  in Kazakhstan publishes study on access of migrant workers  to social services

IOM mission to Kazakhstan  study titled ”Access of Migrant Workers from Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to social services in Kazakhstan” presented the results of the survey  conducted in seven  regions of the country.
According to presented information, survey recognized the situation with access to the main social services for migrants including ratio of challenges and needs towards target group;  measures that should be strengthened and/or developed to improve the situation with  access to social services for migrants; the ways for social integration  of migrants. The results of the research were presented to the main public authorities involved in the migration management  for further developing the national policy on migration. Upon the recommendations of the survey IOM developed the leaflets for migrant workers and organized the information actions among the irregular migrants from Central Asia on the regular basis.
The study  is published within  the Central Asia Regional Migration Programme . The programme is implemented by IOM in cooperation with UN Women, the World Bank and is supported by the UK AID.

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IOM in cooperation with the Ministry of Interior published the posters on the main rights and obligation of foreigners in the Republic of Kazakhstan

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Access of Migrant Workers from Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to social services in Kazakhstan 

IOM in Kazakhstan published a study migrants' access to social services in Kazakhstan. The subject of this study is to evaluate the level of access of migrant workers from Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to fundamental social services launched on an institutional level. The object of this study is migrant workers from Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan at the age of 14 and over, involved in raw, manufacturing and industrial sectors of economy and the area of services. Overall, 240 migrant workers in Astana, Almaty, Aktobe and Shymkent were
surveyed. The study over access of migrant workers from Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to social services in Kazakhstan was conducted within the framework of Regional Programme on migration in Central Asia and supported by UK Government.

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Handbook on Establishing Effective Labour Migration Policies in Countries of Origin and Destination

We are pleased to present this first international Handbook on Establishing Effective Labour Migration Policies in Countries of Origin and of Destination, jointly produced by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the International Labour Office (ILO).

 

 

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Manual on Care, Rehabilitation, Recovery and Reintegration of Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings for the Kyrgyz Republic

Manual on Care, Rehabilitation, Recovery and Reintegration of Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings for the Kyrgyz Republic Trafficking in persons (Human trafficking) – The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Victim of human trafficking – an individual who is a victim of the crime of trafficking in persons. Exploitation – the act of taking advantage of something or someone, in particular the act of taking unjust advantage of another for one’s own benefit (e.g. sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs). In cooperation with partner NGOs, IOM Bishkek renders aid to individuals, who have become victims of human trafficking. IOM provides practical aid including assistance through return from abroad, professional consultations, medical, legal, psychological, and reintegration aid.


Ainura's Dream

Written by Marinka Franulovic and illustrated by Doriana Berkovic When a young Kyrgyz woman Ainura accepts an offer of work at a bazaar in a neighboring country, she is convinced the job will bring her a better future. However, Ainura’s passport is taken from her and she is forced to work long hours on a tobacco plantation for no salary. She discovers she has been sold as a slave and wonders if she will ever get free again. Take a journey with Ainura, learn about modern slavery and how to stay safe from human trafficking. The Ainura’s Dream is an anti-trafficking book for children. IOM Bishkek supported the book in Kyrgyz and Russian languages. The book will become a part of curriculum for schools in the Kyrgyz Republic and it will be distributed through the anti-trafficking NGO network to the vulnerable youth as part of an anti-trafficking awareness building campaign.

The project is financed by the Government of Norway.


Role of NGOs in Counter Trafficking in the Kyrgyz Republic

Since beginning its work in Kyrgyzstan, IOM has assisted non-governmental organizations (NGOs) through educational programs focusing on institutional and organizational management, by organization of intersectional coordination, and with financial support for migration management projects. NGOs play a key role in IOM activities. All IOM projects involving direct work with the public are implemented by partner NGOs. Since 2002, in order to consolidate and raise the potential of migration NGOs, IOM has worked on building an NGO network; already, this network includes 35 regular members and covers all regions of the country. IOM Kyrgyzstan in cooperation with the NGO network carries out programs on counter-trafficking and provides legal and other assistance to forced, ethnic, returning, ecologic and other categories of migrants. The Regional Center on Migration and Refugees, with financial support from IOM, conducted an independent, wide-ranging evaluation of the NGO network in the Kyrgyz Republic working in the area of counter-trafficking. The purpose of the research was to investigate the history of network development, the particularities of its functioning, and the needs and outlook for future development.


Two Kyrgyz Women

The book Two Kyrgyz Women, recently published by IOM and an NGO, awakens our empathy to moral purpose and our love of stories to familiarize us with the real-life experiences of two Kyrgyz women, both victims of trafficking. This book will not leave you empty-handed or devoid of real explanations of the subject. It objectively delineates facts in which trafficking in persons manifests within and across Kyrgyz borders. The book will also give you valuable insight into Kyrgyz life, family values, traditions, hopes and fears.

Note: If you want to order more books Two Kyrgyz Women, please contact International Organization for Migration (IOM)

Phones: +7-7172-790-345/46/47/48

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The book is for sale. All income from the sales of the book Two Kyrgyz Women, IOM will use to help victims of human trafficking in the Kyrgyz Republic.

It is also available for download at http://www.free-ebooks.net/ebook/Two-Kyrgyz-Women


 Fertile Fields: Trafficking in Persons in Central Asia

The title of this report comes from a conversation during a journey through Uzbekistan from Tashkent to Samarkand in the high summer. Fertile, but uncultivated Jand stretched for kilometers on either side of the road, and few gardens alongside the houses we passed had vegetable plots or fruit trees. This struck me as odd, given both the range and quality of fruit and vegetables in local markets and what I had seen on other journeys through rural hinterlands, including in Ethiopia, where the high temperatures and limited water supply are surely comparable to those in Central Asia. At the approach to and/or exit from each of the towns we passed through stood groups of rather desperate-looking men and some women - these were what are known in the region as informal 'labor markets". The phrase "fertile fields" somehow connected the under-used land, unemployed adults with no sustainable livelihood and the potential for trafficking and exploitation. As the report has taken shape, the phrase has also come to represent the multiple ways in which the history and current context of the region shape a context in which trafficking in persons can flourish. This study would not have been possible without the hard work and contributions of a large number of individuals. The data collection and visits to the region involved considerable input from the five country researchers and the staff of the IOM offices in the region and in Geneva. Particular thanks are due to Livia Vedrasco in the IOM Technical Cooperation Centre for Europe and Central Asia in Vienna who undertook the unenviable tasks of coordination and management of the project and edited the final draft. The staff in CWASU also made contributions, Linda Regan and Lorna Kennedy coded and consolidated interviews, Jo Lovett followed up missing references and edited drafts, and Stephanie Rucker-Andrews sought out much of the data used in Chapter J. Corinna Seith took responsibility for recording notes and interviews during the research visit to Central Asia.


 Analysis of Institutional and Legal Frameworks and Overview of Cooperation Patterns in the Field of Counter-Trafficking in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (Research Report November 2003)

Despite the fact that public awareness of and concern over trafficking in persons has grown considerably over the past number of years, the knowledge base is still relatively weak. According to Kelly (2003), research on trafficking has not moved much beyond mapping the problem and reviews of legal frameworks and policy, but the need for information to feed into policy debates is pressing. As regards the EECA countries, there is a lack of information on the existing national mechanisms used by the governments to combat trafficking, however limited their reach and extent may be. Most reports, including those produced by IOM, offer a pragmatic overview of the phenomenon, on policy responses and existing lacunae in measures and legislation, although they do not offer a pragmatic overview of the phenomenon, on policy responses and existing lacunae in measures and legislation, although they do not offer a through analysis on the root causes of trafficking, an area which is needs to be analyzed further and addressed through preventive action. The American Bar Association (ABA) has done a recent assessment of the legal framework in place in the countries involved, but this did not focus in any particular detail on the governmental mechanisms and policy responses (ABA/CEELI, 2003).This report's focus is on the analysis of institutional and legal frameworks in place to combat trafficking and an overview of cooperation patterns in the EECA region and beyond. The IOM research project in the 12 EECA countries ultimately seeks to serve as a tool for the enhancement of both IOM's and national governments' counter-trafficking activities in the region.


Trafficking in women and children in the Kyrgyz Republic

Trafficking in Women and Children in the Kyrgyz Republic (November, 2000): Trafficking in human beings is a global problem that undermines legal immigration regimes and the rule of law. Human trafficking also violates the fundamental human rights of individuals and provides huge profits for criminal groups. World governments, with the assistance of international organizations, are introducing new legislation and concrete measures to improve border controls, combat organized crime and protect victims.

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) are at the forefront in raising awareness of human trafficking worldwide. IOM and OSCE field missions are actively involved in anti-trafficking initiatives. There has been very little reliable information on human trafficking in Central Asia, especially in the Kyrgyz Republic. IOM and the OSCE/ODIHR agreed to jointly fund a statistical research project. The primary goal of the research was to estimate the incidence of and the potential for human trafficking transiting through and from the Kyrgyz Republic. It was the objective of this research to contribute to a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of human trafficking.

The findings of this research will be used to support the development of effective legislation measures and policies to combat trafficking. Training information campaigns and related projects to assist and protect victims of trafficking will also be a major result of this research. The findings of this study should be viewed as a preliminary indication of the current situation. The research project “Trafficking in Women and Children from the Kyrgyz Republic” (November 2000) reflects the in-depth facts and figures of human trafficking in this part of the world.


Internal Migration in the Kyrgyz Republic


Workbook on trafficking crimes solving

HANDBOOK ON MIGRATION TERMINOLOGY (Russian-English)

Number of pages: 166

Format: PDF

Publication language: Russian, English

Year of publication: 2011

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Glossary on Migration